2 Samuel 10:16

Authorized King James Version

And Hadarezer sent, and brought out the Syrians that were beyond the river: and they came to Helam; and Shobach the captain of the host of Hadarezer went before them.

Word-by-Word Analysis
#1
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח
sent
to send away, for, or out (in a great variety of applications)
#2
הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר
And Hadarezer
hadarezer, a syrian king, possibly a royal title
#3
וַיֹּצֵ֤א
and brought out
to go (causatively, bring) out, in a great variety of applications, literally and figuratively, direct and proxim
#4
אֶת
properly, self (but generally used to point out more definitely the object of a verb or preposition, even or namely)
#5
אֲרָם֙
the Syrians
aram or syria, and its inhabitants; also the name of the son of shem, a grandson of nahor, and of an israelite
#6
אֲשֶׁר֙
who, which, what, that; also (as an adverb and a conjunction) when, where, how, because, in order that, etc
#7
מֵעֵ֣בֶר
that were beyond
properly, a region across; but used only adverbially (with or without a preposition) on the opposite side (especially of the jordan; ususally meaning
#8
הַנָּהָ֔ר
the river
a stream (including the sea; expectation the nile, euphrates, etc.); figuratively, prosperity
#9
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ
and they came
to go or come (in a wide variety of applications)
#10
חֵילָ֑ם
to Helam
chelam, a place east of palestine
#11
וְשׁוֹבַ֛ךְ
and Shobach
shobak, a syrian
#12
שַׂר
the captain
a head person (of any rank or class)
#13
צְבָ֥א
of the host
a mass of persons (or figuratively, things), especially reg. organized for war (an army); by implication, a campaign, literally or figuratively (speci
#14
הֲדַדְעֶ֖זֶר
And Hadarezer
hadarezer, a syrian king, possibly a royal title
#15
לִפְנֵיהֶֽם׃
went before
the face (as the part that turns); used in a great variety of applications (literally and figuratively); also (with prepositional prefix) as a preposi

Analysis

This verse develops the salvation theme central to 2 Samuel. The concept of divine revelation reflects the development of salvation within biblical theology. The literary structure and word choice here contribute to biblical literature contributing to the canon's theological witness, advancing the author's theological argument. The original language emphasizes careful word choice that would have carried specific theological weight for the original audience, providing deeper understanding of the author's theological intention.

Historical Context

This passage must be understood within the political and social structures of the biblical period. The author writes to address believers seeking to understand God's will and purposes, making the emphasis on salvation particularly relevant. Historical documents from this period show cultural practices and social structures that would have been familiar to the original readers, illuminating the verse's original impact.

Questions for Reflection

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